Ngokweengxelo, i-CEO ye-Intel uLip-Bu Tan ucinga ngokumisa ukukhuthazwa kwenkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-18A yenkampani (1.8nm) kubathengi be-foundry endaweni yoko igxile kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-14A yesizukulwana esilandelayo (1.4nm) ngomzamo wokufumana ii-odolo kubathengi abakhulu abafana ne-Apple kunye ne-Nvidia. Ukuba olu tshintsho ekugxilweni luyenzeka, luya kuphawula ixesha lesibini ngokulandelelana i-Intel ithoba izinto eziza kuqala kuyo. Olu hlengahlengiso lucetywayo lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwezemali kwaye lutshintshe indlela yeshishini le-foundry le-Intel, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni inkampani iphume kwimarike ye-foundry kwiminyaka ezayo. I-Intel isixelele ukuba olu lwazi lusekelwe kwingqikelelo yemarike. Nangona kunjalo, isithethi sinike ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nendlela yophuhliso lwenkampani, esiyifakile apha ngezantsi. "Asithethi ngamahemuhemu kunye nokuqikelela kwemarike," isithethi se-Intel sixelele i-Tom's Hardware. "Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, sizimisele ukuqinisa indlela yethu yophuhliso, ukukhonza abathengi bethu, kunye nokuphucula imeko yethu yezemali yexesha elizayo."
Ukusukela oko ethathe i-ofisi ngoMatshi, uTan ubhengeze isicwangciso sokunciphisa iindleko ngo-Epreli, okulindeleke ukuba sibandakanye ukugxothwa emsebenzini kunye nokurhoxiswa kweeprojekthi ezithile. Ngokweengxelo zeendaba, ngoJuni, waqala ukwabelana noogxa bakhe ukuba ukuthandwa kwenkqubo ye-18A—eyenzelwe ukubonisa amandla okuvelisa e-Intel—kwakuncipha kubathengi bangaphandle, nto leyo eyamenza wakholelwa ekubeni kufanelekile ukuba inkampani iyeke ukubonelela nge-18A kunye nenguqulelo yayo ye-18A-P ephuculweyo kubathengi be-foundry.
Endaweni yoko, uTan ucebise ukwaba izixhobo ezingaphezulu ukuze kugqitywe kwaye kukhuthazwe i-node yesizukulwana esilandelayo senkampani, i-14A, ekulindeleke ukuba ilungele imveliso yomngcipheko ngo-2027 kwaye ivelise ngobuninzi ngo-2028. Ngenxa yexesha le-14A, ngoku lixesha lokuqala ukuyikhuthaza phakathi kwabathengi be-Intel Foundry abanokuba ngabathengi besithathu.
Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa ye-Intel ye-18A yeyona node yokuqala yenkampani ukusebenzisa ii-transistors zayo zesizukulwana sesibini seRibbonFET gate-all-around (GAA) kunye nenethiwekhi yokuhambisa amandla e-PowerVia back-side (BSPDN). Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-14A isebenzisa ii-transistors zeRibbonFET kunye netekhnoloji ye-PowerDirect BSPDN, ehambisa amandla ngqo kumthombo kunye nokuphuma kwe-transistor nganye ngokusebenzisa oonxibelelwano abazinikeleyo, kwaye ixhotyiswe ngetekhnoloji yeTurbo Cells kwiindlela ezibalulekileyo. Ukongeza, i-18A yitekhnoloji yokuqala ye-Intel esemgangathweni ehambelana nezixhobo zoyilo lomntu wesithathu kubathengi bayo bokusungula.
Ngokutsho kwabantu abangaphakathi, ukuba i-Intel iyayeka ukuthengisa ngaphandle kwe-18A kunye ne-18A-P, kuya kufuneka isuse imali eninzi ukuze ihlawulele iibhiliyoni zeerandi ezityalwe ekuphuhliseni obu buchwepheshe bokuvelisa. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ezibalwa ngayo iindleko zophuhliso, ukususwa kokugqibela kunokufikelela kumakhulu ezigidi okanye kwaneebhiliyoni zeerandi.
I-RibbonFET kunye ne-PowerVia zaqalwa zaphuhliswa kwi-20A, kodwa ngo-Agasti ophelileyo, obu buchwepheshe basuswa ukuze iimveliso zangaphakathi zigxile kwi-18A kwiimveliso zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.
Isizathu esisemva kwentshukumo ye-Intel sinokuba lula kakhulu: ngokunciphisa inani labathengi abanokubakho kwi-18A, inkampani inokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Uninzi lwezixhobo ezifunekayo kwi-20A, 18A, kunye ne-14A (ngaphandle kwezixhobo ze-EUV eziphezulu) sele zisetyenziswa kwifektri yayo ye-D1D e-Oregon kunye ne-Fab 52 kunye ne-Fab 62 e-Arizona. Nangona kunjalo, xa esi sixhobo sisebenza ngokusemthethweni, inkampani kufuneka iqwalasele iindleko zayo zokwehla kwexabiso. Xa kukho ii-odolo zabathengi besithathu ezingaqinisekanga, ukungasebenzisi esi sixhobo kunokuvumela i-Intel ukuba inciphise iindleko. Ngaphezu koko, ngokungaboneleli nge-18A kunye ne-18A-P kubathengi bangaphandle, i-Intel inokonga iindleko zobunjineli ezinxulumene nokuxhasa iisekethe zeqela lesithathu kwisampulu, imveliso yobuninzi, kunye nemveliso kwi-Intel fabs. Ngokucacileyo, oku kuqikelelo nje. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuyeka ukubonelela nge-18A kunye ne-18A-P kubathengi bangaphandle, i-Intel ayizukukwazi ukubonisa iingenelo zee-nodes zayo zokwenza iimveliso kubathengi abaninzi abaneedizayini ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebashiya benokukhetha enye kuphela kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ezayo: ukusebenzisana ne-TSMC nokusebenzisa i-N2, i-N2P, okanye i-A16.
Nangona iSamsung izimisele ukuqala ngokusesikweni ukuvelisa iitshiphusi kwi-node yayo ye-SF2 (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-SF3P) kamva kulo nyaka, le node kulindeleke ukuba ishiyeke emva kwe-Intel's 18A kunye ne-TSMC's N2 kunye ne-A16 ngokubhekiselele kumandla, ukusebenza, kunye nendawo. Ngokwenyani, i-Intel ayizukukhuphisana ne-TSMC's N2 kunye ne-A16, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo engancedi ekuzuzeni ukuzithemba kwabathengi abanokubakho kwezinye iimveliso ze-Intel (ezifana ne-14A, 3-T/3-E, Intel/UMC 12nm, njl.njl.). Abantu abangaphakathi batyhile ukuba uTan ucele iingcali ze-Intel ukuba zilungiselele isindululo sokuxoxwa nebhodi ye-Intel kweli hlobo. Esi sindululo sinokubandakanya ukuyekisa ukusayinwa kwabathengi abatsha kwinkqubo ye-18A, kodwa ngenxa yobukhulu kunye nobunzima bomcimbi, isigqibo sokugqibela sinokufuneka silinde de ibhodi idibane kwakhona kamva kulo nyaka.
Kuthiwa i-Intel ngokwayo ayivumanga ukuxoxa ngeemeko ezicingelwayo kodwa iqinisekisile ukuba abathengi abaphambili be-18A ngamacandelo ayo emveliso, aceba ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuvelisa i-CPU yelaptop yePanther Lake ukususela ngo-2025. Ekugqibeleni, iimveliso ezifana neClearwater Forest, iDiamond Rapids, kunye neJaguar Shores ziya kusebenzisa i-18A kunye ne-18A-P.
Imfuno Encinci? Imizamo ye-Intel yokutsala abathengi bangaphandle abakhulu kwindawo yayo yokuvelisa ibalulekile ekuguqukeni kwayo, njengoko kuphela inani eliphezulu eliya kuvumela inkampani ukuba ibuyise iindleko zeebhiliyoni ezichithwe ekuphuhliseni ubuchwepheshe bayo benkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwe-Intel ngokwayo, yi-Amazon, iMicrosoft, kunye neSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US kuphela eziqinisekisile ngokusesikweni izicwangciso zokusebenzisa i-18A. Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba i-Broadcom kunye neNvidia nazo zivavanya itekhnoloji yenkqubo yamva nje ye-Intel, kodwa azikabopheleli ekuyisebenziseleni iimveliso zokwenyani. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-N2 ye-TSMC, i-18A ye-Intel inenzuzo ephambili: ixhasa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ngasemva, okuluncedo ngakumbi kwiiprosesa ezinamandla aphezulu ezijolise kwizicelo ze-AI kunye ne-HPC. Iprosesa ye-A16 ye-TSMC, exhotyiswe nge-super power rail (SPR), kulindeleke ukuba ingene kwimveliso enkulu ekupheleni kuka-2026, oko kuthetha ukuba i-18A iya kugcina ithuba layo lokuhanjiswa kwamandla ngasemva kwi-Amazon, iMicrosoft, kunye nabanye abathengi abanokubakho kangangexesha elithile. Nangona kunjalo, i-N2 kulindeleke ukuba inikezele ngoxinano olukhulu lwe-transistor, oluzuzisa uninzi lwee-chip designs. Ukongeza, ngelixa i-Intel ibisoloko isebenzisa iitships zePanther Lake kwifektri yayo ye-D1D kangangeekota ezininzi (ngoko ke, i-Intel isasebenzisa i-18A ukuvelisa umngcipheko), i-Fab 52 yayo enomthamo ophezulu kunye ne-Fab 62 ziqale ukusebenzisa iitships zovavanyo ze-18A ngoMatshi walo nyaka, oko kuthetha ukuba aziyi kuqala ukuvelisa iitships zorhwebo kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2025, okanye ngokuchanekileyo, ekuqaleni kuka-2025. Kakade ke, abathengi bangaphandle be-Intel banomdla wokuvelisa uyilo lwabo kwiifektri ezinomthamo omkhulu e-Arizona kunokuba basebenzise iifektri zophuhliso e-Oregon.
Ngamafutshane, i-CEO ye-Intel uLip-Bu Tan ucinga ngokumisa ukukhuthazwa kwenkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-18A yenkampani kubathengi bangaphandle kwaye endaweni yoko igxile kwi-node yemveliso ye-14A yesizukulwana esilandelayo, ijolise ekutsaleni abathengi abakhulu abanjengo-Apple kunye neNvidia. Eli nyathelo linokubangela ukuwohloka okukhulu, njengoko i-Intel ityale imali ezibhiliyoni ekuphuhliseni ubuchwepheshe benkqubo ye-18A kunye ne-18A-P. Ukutshintsha ingqwalasela ukuya kwinkqubo ye-14A kunokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokulungiselela ngcono abathengi beqela lesithathu, kodwa kunokunciphisa ukuzithemba kubuchule be-Intel bokusungula ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo ye-14A imiselwe ukungena kwimveliso ngo-2027-2028. Ngelixa i-node ye-18A isabalulekile kwiimveliso ze-Intel (ezifana ne-Panther Lake CPU), imfuno encinci yamaqela esithathu (ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yi-Amazon, iMicrosoft, kunye neSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US kuphela eziqinisekisile izicwangciso zokuyisebenzisa) kuphakamisa iinkxalabo malunga nokusebenza kwayo. Esi sigqibo sinokwenzeka sithetha ukuba i-Intel inokuphuma kwimarike ebanzi ye-foundry ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo ye-14A iqaliswe. Nokuba i-Intel ekugqibeleni ikhetha ukususa inkqubo ye-18A kwiminikelo yayo yokwenziwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nabathengi, inkampani iya kuqhubeka isebenzisa inkqubo ye-18A ukuvelisa iitships zeemveliso zayo esele ziyilelwe loo nkqubo. I-Intel ikwaceba ukufezekisa ii-odolo zayo ezimiselweyo, kubandakanya ukubonelela ngeetships kubathengi abakhankanyiweyo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-21-2025