I-Samsung Electronics, eyayikade isemva kakhulu kwi-TSMC yaseTaiwan kwishishini le-semiconductor foundry, ngoku igxile ekuphuculeni ukhuphiswano lwayo kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokukhawulezisa imizamo yayo yokubamba. Ngaphambili, ngenxa yamanani aphantsi emveliso, i-Samsung yayijongene nemingeni ekuqalisweni kokuqala kwenkqubo yayo ye-3nm ephucukileyo, kodwa kutshanje izinzise ubuchwepheshe bayo be-3nm kwaye isebenza ukunciphisa umsantsa nge-TSMC kwiinkqubo ze-2nm. Abantu abangaphakathi kushishino baqikelela ukuba njengoko isityalo sayo sokwenza ii-wafer eTaylor, eTexas, sisanda kancinci kancinci, ishishini le-foundry le-Samsung kulindeleke ukuba libe nenzuzo ukususela ngo-2027, nto leyo ebonisa ukuqala ngokusesikweni kokulandela ngokupheleleyo kwe-TSMC yi-Samsung.
Ukwandiswa koMthamo we-2nm
Inkampani yophando lwemarike iCounterpoint Research yaxela kwangaphambili ngomhla wama-20 ukuba amandla enkqubo ye-2nm yeSamsung aya kwanda nge-163%, ukusuka kwi-8,000 wafers ngenyanga ngo-2024 ukuya kwi-21,000 wafers ngenyanga ekupheleni konyaka ozayo. Olu lwandiso lwamandla lusekelwe kwisivuno esizinzileyo senkqubo ye-2nm yeSamsung. I-Counterpoint Research yathi: "Njengoko iSamsung ifumana abathengi abaninzi kwiindawo ezifana neefowuni, ii-supercomputing, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, ukuqhubela phambili kwenkqubo yayo ye-2nm kunokuba yindawo ephambili yokutshintsha. Ukuba isivuno siyaqhubeka siphucuka kwaye imveliso enkulu kwifektri yaseTaylor iqhubeka kakuhle, iSamsung kulindeleke ukuba inciphise kakhulu umsantsa wokhuphiswano kunye ne-TSMC kwicandelo lenkqubo yanamhlanje okokuqala kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana."
Okwangoku, isivuno senkqubo ye-2nm yeSamsung siqikelelwa ukuba siphucuke ukuya kuthi ga kwi-55% ukuya kwi-60%. Le nkqubela iphumelele ekutsaleni abathengi abaninzi abakhulu ukuba bamkele inkqubo yayo ephucukileyo. NgoJulayi walo nyaka, iSamsung ityikitye isivumelwano se-$16.5 yeebhiliyoni (malunga ne-24.28 trillion won) neTesla ukuvelisa i-chip yayo yesizukulwana esilandelayo se-AI6. Ukongeza, iSamsung ikwafumene iiodolo zeprosesa yayo yesicelo se-smartphone ye-Exynos 2600 (AP) evela kwi-Samsung System LSI, izinzwa zemifanekiso ezivela kwi-Apple, kunye nee-ASIC zokwembiwa kwe-cryptocurrency kwiinkampani zaseTshayina i-WIFI kunye ne-Canaan Technology. Ii-AP zeQualcomm nazo kulindeleke ukuba zifumane iiodolo kungekudala.
Amaqhinga aguquguqukayo okuxabisa atsala abathengi
Ngokwedatha yeTrendForce, iTSMC ilawule imarike ye-wafer foundry kwikota yesibini ngesabelo semarike se-70.2%, ngelixa iSamsung Electronics yayinesabelo semarike se-7.3%. Lo msantsa unciphe waya kuma-30% ngo-2019, kodwa ukususela ngoko uye wanda kwakhona.
Nangona kunjalo, ishishini letekhnoloji ngokubanzi likholelwa ukuba iSamsung inako ukukhuphisana neTSMC kwicandelo lenkqubo ye-2nm. ISamsung yazisa itekhnoloji yeGate-All-Around (GAA) kwinkqubo yayo ye-3nm, enciphisa ukuvuza kwangoku kwaye iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla xa kuthelekiswa noyilo lwendabuko lweFinFET. ISamsung yamkela itekhnoloji ye-GAA ukusuka kwinkqubo yayo ye-3nm ukuya phambili, ngelixa iTSMC ingazange iqale ukuyisebenzisa de kwaba yinkqubo yayo ye-2nm. Isazinzulu seshishini sathi, "ISamsung yoyisile imingeni yenkqubo ye-3nm kwaye yaqokelela amava atyebileyo neGAA, yayibeka kwindawo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo xa ithelekiswa neTSMC, esandula ukuqalisa ukusebenzisa le teknoloji intsha."
Okwangoku, i-TSMC ijongene nokunyuka kwee-odolo ezivela kubathengi abakhulu abafana neNvidia kunye ne-Apple. Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba i-TSMC yonyuse ixabiso lee-wafers zayo ze-2nm ngama-50% xa kuthelekiswa nezizukulwana zangaphambili. Le meko inokunceda i-Samsung, esebenzisa amaqhinga aguquguqukayo okuxabisa ukutsala abathengi. Ngokugxila ekufumaneni abathengi beenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nomthamo wemveliso, ishishini le-foundry le-Samsung libonakalise iimpawu zokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Kutshanje, i-Samsung iphumelele izivumelwano zemveliso ezivela kwi-US AI semiconductor startups Chabarite (4nm) kunye ne-Anaphae (28nm), kunye ne-South Korean startup DeepX (2nm). Ingcali ye-semiconductor igxininise, "Ukugxila kwe-TSMC kwiingxilimbela zobuchwepheshe ezifana neNvidia kunye ne-Apple kwenza kube nzima kubo ukwamkela ii-odolo ezintsha ngelixa benyusa amaxabiso e-wafer. Oku kudala imakethi encinci enokuthi i-Samsung iyisebenzise."
Fikelela kwiinjongo zeNzuzo
Ishishini letekhnoloji lilindele ukuba ishishini le-Samsung lokwenza izinto ezintsha, eliye lalahlekelwa ngamakhulu ezigidi zeerandi kwikota nganye kangangeminyaka, libuyele kwinzuzo ukususela ngo-2027. Oku kubangelwa kakhulu kukwanda komthamo okulindelekileyo kwisityalo sayo sase-Austin kunye nemveliso enkulu ye-chip ye-AI6 yeTesla kwifektri yaseTaylor, ukususela ngo-2027.
Kwingxelo yayo yengeniso yekota yesithathu, iSamsung yathi, "Sifumene ii-odolo ezirekhodiweyo ezigxile kwiinkqubo eziphambili, kubandakanya iikhontrakthi zabathengi eziphezulu zenkqubo yethu ye-2nm. Njengoko iimveliso ezintsha ezisebenzisa inkqubo yethu ye-2nm zingena kwimveliso enkulu, silindele ukuba ukusebenza kuphucuke ngakumbi ngokuqhubeka nokuzuza imveliso kunye namanyathelo okunciphisa iindleko."
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-10-2025